Complete the following exercises located at the end of each chapter and put them into a Word document to be submitted as directed by the instructor.
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft Word when necessary.
1. Chapter 13, numbers 13.6, 13.8, 13.9, and 13.10
2. Chapter 14, numbers 14.11, 14.12, and 14.14
3. Chapter 15, numbers 15.7, 15.8, 15.10 and 15.14
13.6 It’s well established, we’ll assume, that lab rats require an average of 32 trials in a complex water maze before reaching a learning criterion of three consecutive errorless trials. To determine whether a mildly adverse stimulus has any effect on performance, a sample of seven lab rats were given a mild electrical shock just before each trial.
(a) Given that X 5 34.89 and s 5 3.02, test the null hypothesis with t , using the .05 level of signifi cance.
(b) Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the true number of trials required to learn the water maze. (c) Interpret this confidence interval.
13.8 Assume that on average, healthy young adults dream 90 minutes each night, as inferred from a number of measures, including rapid eye move-ment (REM) sleep. An investigator wishes to determine whether drinking coffee just before going to sleep affects the amount of dream time. After drinking a standard amount of coffee, dream time is monitored for each of 28 healthy young adults in a random sample. Results show a sample mean, X, of 88 minutes and a sample standard deviation, s , of 9 minutes.
(a) Use t to test the null hypothesis at the .05 level of signifi cance.
(b) If appropriate (because the null hypothesis has been rejected), construct a 95 percent confi dence interval and interpret this interval.
13.9 In the gas mileage test described in this chapter, would you prefer a smaller or a larger sample size if you were
(a) the car manufacturer? Why?
(b) a vigorous prosecutor for the federal regulatory agency? Why?
14.11 To test compliance with authority, a classical experiment in social psychol-ogy requires subjects to administer increasingly painful electric shocks to seemingly helpless victims who agonize in an adjacent room.* Each sub-ject earns a score between 0 and 30, depending on the point at which the subject refuses to comply with authority—an investigator, dressed in a white lab coat, who orders the administration of increasingly intense shocks. A score of 0 signifi es the subject’s unwillingness to comply at the very outset, and a score of 30 signifi es the subject’s willingness to comply completely with the experimenter’s orders.
Ignore the very real ethical issues raised by this type of experiment, and assume that you want to study the effect of a “committee atmosphere” on compliance with authority. In one condition, shocks are administered only after an affi rmative decision by the committee, consisting of one real subject and two associates of the investigator, who act as subjects but in fact merely go along with the decision of the real subject. In the other condition, shocks are administered only after an affi rmative decision by a solitary real subject. A total of 12 subjects are randomly assigned, in equal numbers, to the committee condition ( X 1 ) and to the solitary condition ( X 2 ). A compliance score is obtained for each subject. Use t to test the null hypothesis at the .05 level of signifi cance.
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