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Public health and health policy Discuss the health problems and health service issues that are associated with homelessness in London,uk
What is public health?
•Improving the health of populations and communities rather than the individual
•Preventing ill health in the population through a variety of methods and by a variety of organisations, in addition to those provided by health organisations
•Managing changes needed to improve or prevent ill health
•3 strands
–Health improvement
–Health protection
–Health services
What is public health? (continued)
definitions of public health:
“Public health is the science and the art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting physical health and efficiency through organised community efforts for the sanitation of the environment, the control of community infections, the education of the individual in principles of personal hygiene, the organisation of medical and nursing services for the early diagnosis and preventative treatment of disease, and the development of social machinery which will ensure to every individual in the community a standard of living adequate for the maintenance of health.” (Winslow 1920)
“The art and science of promoting health and preventing disease by the organised efforts of society”
(Acheson 1988)
4. THE ‘NEW PUBLIC HEALTH’
Healthy communities
here is health and well-being actually created?
Health and well-being are not created in hospitals or doctors’ offices, they are part of the illness service, so we have to find strategies to help create health and well-being. Projects such as Healthy Cities and Health Promoting Schools can help focus our thinking on creating health.
“We can create health by actually changing the institutions and environments in which people spend a major part of their day, and by enabling people to participate in that change.” Based on Ilona Kickbush, WHO, 1994
Definitions: Healthy Public Policy and Health Impact Assessment.
(WHO Adelaide Recommendations on Healthy Public Policy, 1988)
•In the pursuit of healthy public policy, government sectors concerned with agriculture, trade, education, industry, and communications need to take into account health as an essential factor when formulating policy.
•These sectors should be accountable for the health consequences of their policy decisions.
•They should pay as much attention to health as to economic considerations
•The notion of health impact assessment
Healthy Public Policy
•Healthy public policies should be:
–Ecological in perspective
–Multisectoral in scope
–Collaberative in strategy
Other material
•Health needs assessment
–What will have most impact
•Demography
•epidemiology
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Discuss the health problems and health service issues associated with homelessness
Definition of homelessness
Spectrum of housing need
Problem of a settings approach
Hard to reach group
Housing as a determinant of health
demography/epidemiology
Accidents/suicide/violence and alcoholism
Problems associated with B&B, hotels
Continued
•Organisation of health services around the homeless
•Homeless may have pressing survival and social needs and not prioritise their health needs
•Social exclusion and stigma
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