Exercise physiology is the physiology of physical exercise, it is the study of the acute responses and chronic adaptions to a wide range of exercise conditions (Rickett, 2016).
Exercise physiology is simple understanding of how the body responds to exercise and how the human body moves. Exercise physiology examines how your body cells and organs such as cardiovascular, muscular and respiratory systems are changed when exposed to short or long bouts of exercise. While sports physiology is the study of how exercise alters the function and structure of the body. In sports physiology it looks to understand the physiological demands of a sporting performance which notifies what characteristics an athlete should have to be successful when competing at the highest level.
When examining the acute response to exercise we are concerned with the body’s immediate response to and sometimes its recovery from a single exercise bout. Acute exercises are meant to be less strenuous exercises for a shorter amount of time. For example, thirty minutes of basketball shows acute responses when a player is running up and down the court, as well as trying to block and pass the ball. Acute responses are the body’s immediate response to exercise such as an increase in heart rate and body temperature. For an acute response during resistance exercise the baseline intensity and volume must be met, higher intensity extracts more response.
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is a triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme for intracellular energy transfer (Karp, 2013). Humans produce ATP through three metabolic pathways that consist of many enzymes catalyzed chemical reactions. This energy system provides immediate energy through the breakdown of the stored high energy phosphates. The anaerobic system is made up of a systems of high energy phosphate and anaerobic glycolysis (Karp, 2013). This system produces a lot of power but not quite as much or as quickly as the ATP- PC system. It does have a larger fuel supplies and does not burn all its fuel as quickly as ATP-PC system. By about 30 seconds of sustained activity most of energy comes from an anaerobic system at 45 seconds of sustained intense activity is a second decline which anything above this relies on the aerobic energy system. The aerobic system produces far more ATP than either of the other energy systems, but it produces the AT much slowly, therefore it cannot fuel intense exercise that demands the fast production of ATP. Therefore, it cannot fuel intense exercise that demands the fast production of ATP.
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