Please do the methodology part first!!! The methodology part have to be 2500 words. The respondents are customers of the target hotels.
In this part sample questionnaire and interview questions must be designed and included in the Appendix.
Moreover here are some comments from my professor that must be considered during the dissertation project:
1. Interview questions must be designed.
2. Target hotels should be in UK or a specific region in UK.
3. The pages of your work must be numbered. Please use Arial or Times New Roman font size 12 justified with 1.5 line spacing.
4. Please cite all the sources.
For more information please refer to the proposal. (I might upload later in the material)
Working title: cultural differences and the effect they have on the hotel industry
Student Name: Jiawen Jiang
Student Number: G20554406
Module Code:TL4010
To: Martine Claire Middleton
Content page
Abstract
Introduction
Problem statement
Overall aims
Literature review
Chapter 1: Introduction and concept of culture
Definition of culture
Chapter 2: Different types of cultural differences
What is cultural diversity?
Chapter 3: The benefit effects of cultural differences
The impact of cultural difference
Chapter 4: The challenges effect of cultural differences
Methodology
Data analysis
Reliability validity and generalizability
References
Abstract
These study intents to examine the effects of cultural on the Hotel industry. The study will target the Hotel industry in UK. The study will use primary qualitative data from the staff of the Luxury hotel industry. The study will select a sample of 20 from a population of luxury hotels in the UK. The researcher will use statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for analysis and presentation of results. The study expects to determine the challenges and benefits of the cultural diversity.
Keyword: cultural differences challenge and hotel industry.
Introduction
Globalization has become one of the major contributors to global development. While globalization means a different thing to scholars Uday-Riley (2006) this is a process that contributes towards worldwide interconnections of virtually all activities. It is through this that has made global sectors to witness boundless limits in terms of the way that people interact. Furthermore there is now a virtual boundary between organizations cultures global interests nations and countries. Hotel industry is one area that attracts a diverse number of people that one cannot consider them as domestic. In essence globalization has had a major impact in ensuring that hotel industry attracts people from different cultures and hence cultural differences. Just as explained by Albrecht Dilchert &Deller Paulus (2014) is that a hotel venture is more likely to deliver the expected high quality services and products to their target customers when they develop a deeper understanding of their historical cultural backgrounds. However cultural differences are likely to bring about conflict or misunderstandings.
Problem Statement
Despite the understanding that people experience cultural differences and more importantly in the hotel industry limited studies have been done. Besides some of the studies that have focused on the effects of cultural differences have only done it while focusing on other industries. Korjala (2012) examined cultural diversity that exists in hospitality management. Even though the focus of this study is on hotel industry which falls under the hospitality industry the latter is wider and hence harder to generalize the findings as a representative of hotel industry. Studies that have focused on this topic have come up with varying finds concerning differences types of cultural differences that occur in hotel industry the benefits and negative aspects of cultural differences.
Overall aims
Objectives
a. To conduct literature review of all relevant public sources concerning cultural differences and effect on the Hotel industry
b. To explore the of cultural differences as may apply to the Hotel industry
c. To understand the benefits of cultural differences to the hotel industry
d. To understand the challenges of cultural differences as impacts on the hotel industry
e. To recommend the best approaches to respond to cultural differences that affect the hotel industry
f. To produce a list of recommendations relating to hotel industry as relates to the cultural differences
Questions
a. Are there relevant literatures in public spaces?
b. What the types of cultural differences are as relates to the hotel industry?
c. What are the benefits of cultural differences to the hotel industry?
d. What are the challenges of cultural differences to the hotel industry?
e. What are the best approaches to respond to cultural differences?
Literature Review
Chapter 1: Introduction and concept of culture
The hotel industry forms part of peoples industry. This implies that managers must employ a high number of people in order to deal with all the needs raised by customers/guests. For example hotels that operate at the Middleton tend to receive different types of guests. This implies that management has to organize on ways that four or five employees work at nightshifts. Some of the key roles done during this time could include auditing of books looking after the reception doing some room service among others. Even as the hotel industry continues to expand managers opt to select of experienced and skilled employees from diverse cultural differences (Fine 2012). This implies that majority of unemployed individuals move into developed markets with the objective of seeking for employment. Many of hoteliers end up hiring people from diverse cultural background. The objective of this paper is to look into some of the likely effects that come from the employees that come from different cultural background and work together to meet the already established organizational objectives.
Culture refers to civilization or particular society and mostly in terms of way of life norms beliefs and views (Hendel & Kagan 2014). The wider focus on this topic has also made people to come up with different definitions. For example Tae-Yeol et al (2008) applies a subjective nature in terms of a framework that considers people as the primary building framework upon which one can base the cultural groups. Furthermore the subjective culture considers culture as people that tend to share common values behaviours norms attitude or values. According to Frenkel (2015) one cannot change cultural values behaviours or norms on the basis that culture is always rooted into someone mind. However DiBenigno& Kellogg (2014) assets that:
Any shared cultural mind-set seem to emerge or occur in a group of people holds assumptions or beliefs. This concept also comes from the premise that culture forms a socially constructed phenomenon by the members. Accordingly the major concepts here include the cognitive elements such as the cultural knowledge assumptions and beliefs (Jarvis & Tint 2009).
Chapter 2: Different types of cultural differences
One of the recent studies whose focus is similar to this topic includes that of Kumar 2014). The study looks at the frameworks for intercultural training within the hotel workplaces. The study identified three models that studies cultural difference dimensions-the Kluchohnstrodtbeck model the Halls model and the Hofstede cultural model. The first model was the first to be developed. The second model provides two major cultural dimensions-the low context & high context and monochromic & polychromic cultures. The model ended up creating the path between the academic culture and national cultures. The latter model groups culture profiles into identity hierarchy gender truth and virtue.
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