The nursing profession. wide range of evidence-based and theoretical knowledge, coupled with advanced nursing education, like graduate nursing.
The American Nurses Association (2004) proposed the masters and doctoral education in nursing to enhance advanced nursing practice. In addition, advanced nurse practitioners play a pivotal role in the development of knowledge base in the nursing profession.
This paper is dedicated to comparing and distinguishing the roles of advanced nurse practitioners, and expounding on the practice background and guidelines for the specialty of the family nurse practitioner. The paper will also expound on the legal requirements, organizational setting, competencies required, and the professional organizations associated with the advanced practice role of the family nurse practitioner. Lastly, the paper will discussthe leadership roles in advanced nursing practice, and the health policy as applies to advanced nursing practice.
Advanced Practice Roles in Nursing:
In as much as there are specific roles of the advanced practice nurse specialists, the curriculum for the essentials of master’s education and advanced nursing practice outlined by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN, 2006) provides some similar roles for the advanced nurse practitioners. These roles cut across all the cadres of the advanced nurse practice. According to Hamric et al. (2013), the advanced practice Nurses share the same core competencies and core values, which in turn define the similarity in their roles. Hamric et al. (2013, P. 70) assert that, all the APNs perform the role of direct clinical practice, as a central competency that defines other competencies. The second category of roles common to all the APNs is the focus of care to the families and individuals. According to the AACN (2006), all the APNs must focus their practice to the individual patients, families and organizations. In regard to education, Hamric et al. (2013, P. 71) connotes that all APNs are supposed to teach others, and participate in programs that promote education in nursing and curriculum development. Similarly, AACN (2006) notes that all APNs are mandated with the role of carrying out research. In this area, the advanced nurse practitioners are expected to utilize new knowledge, embrace technology, utilize information systems, apply new knowledge and supervise lower cadres on carrying out research.
The advanced practice nurses are also mandated with the role of understanding policy, and recommending policy and system changes. Hamric et al. (2013) posits that all APNs must be advocates of AACN, 2006). The development of theory in nursing is also a role of all the advanced nurse practitioners. According to Hamric et al. (2013),The master’srole of promotion and prevention of disease. Regardless of there are of practice and specialization, advanced nurse practitioners must show concern and action towards disease prevention and health promotion (AACN, 2006). With regard to health promotion coupled with disease prevention, the advanced nurse practitioners develop, monitor, and implement holistic care plans with a view to addressing the needs of the society.
Despite the similarities in the general roles of advanced nurse practitioners, there are specific roles that distinguish a nurse practitioner, nurse educator, nurse informaticist and nurse administrator. According to Hamric et al. (2013), a nurse practitioner provides specialized and primary healthcare to families, individuals, communities and other organizational settings. The nurse practitioners practice in a varied range of settings like schools, home-based clinics, hospitals, nursing homes, nurse-managed clinics and workplaces. They provide a wide range of service-products, ranging from adult care, pediatric care, gynaecological care, mental health, gerontological care and specialized forms of care. In their practice, the advanced nurse practitioners take health histories, do physical examinations, diagnose injuries and common illnesses and treat them, and manage deviations in vital signs. In addition, the advanced nurse practitioners treat chronic conditions and interpret x-rays and other laboratory parameters (ANA, 2011, p. 2). On the other hand, a nurse informaticist is a nurse who specializes in nursing science, computer science and information science, with a role of managing information, data and knowledge (ANA, 2008). The nurse informaticist plays the role of supporting nurses, patients, other consumers and providers of healthcare in decision-making in their roles and settings. In doing so, the nurse informaticist utilizes information technology, information processes and information systems. They thus must possess excellent thinking and critical skills. As clinicians, they do extensive research, and are experienced in applying and implementing the nursing process
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