The synthase of P. modestum h Show more a) in some bacteria the F1Fo ATP synthase utilizes Na + instead of H + . The synthase of P. modestum has been extensively studied and the following observations made for Fo incorporated into artificial liposomes:
Loaded with 2 mM 22 NaCl outisde and 100 mM NaCl inside 22 Na is transported in with no significant change in concentrations(exchange) at a rate of 7 s -1 . application of a potential 90 mV inside halts this process. There is no detectable movement of Na + across the membrane application of potentials more negative than -40mV results in rapid uptake of Na + (not exchange but net uptake) making [NaCl]out 1000X greater than [NaCl]in does not result in any Na + uptake finally using a modified Fo where some of the Na + binding sites have been occluded by chemical modification and adding F1 prevents exchange and uptake (in the absence of F1 exchange is seen) what conclusions can you draw about the operation of Fo in this system? b) many organisms produce NAD(P)H for biosynthesis by the oxidation of QH2 using NAD(P)H dehydrogenase. Using reasonable estimates for steriochemistry calculate the minimum (delta)p needed for this to be feasbile Show less
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