Vibrio cholerae is a type of bacteria that is associated with cholera. It can cause an acute illness which cause severe diarrhea which results to dehydration and can cause death within a very short time. It is a gram negative bacterium (Faruque&Nair 2008). V. cholerae is comma shaped and it has and it has a flagellum at one end. A flagellum is a protrusion that is usually at one end of a cell body.
The main function of the flagellum is to help the cell in locomotion as well as to act as a sensory organ. It is also facultatively anaerobic. V. cholerae can be observed in two categories. These are: Vibrio choleraeSerogroup 01 and Vibrio choleraeserogroup non-01. The former is the most common cause of cholera. There are many species of V. Cholerae that belong to the later. These species do not cause diarrhea apart from Vibrio choleraeSerogroup 0139 (Schoenstadt 2012). cholerae is an important organism in human beings. One of the reasons as to why it is important is due to the fact that it causes so many deaths across the world. The bacteria kill so many people especially those who live in poor conditions. People in slums and displaced persons camps are at a high risk of contracting the disease. In addition poor basic infrastructure also increases the risk of the disease. Across the world there are an approximated 3 5 million people who are infected by V. cholerae. Out of these about 100 000 120 000 people will die out of the illness (WHO 2012).The disease is rare in the industrialized nations. However the rest of the nations still experience cholera pandemics. Since 1817 only 7 cholera pandemics have occurred.In America there are rare cases of cholera if at all they are there. The bacteria are commonly in the Ganges delta in India. It is also common in Bangladesh. Currently there is an on going pandemic of the bacteria in Africa Asia as well as in Latin America. These pandemics have been reported within thelast forty years. Of these pandemics 80 percent was from Africa (Schoenstadt 2012).
The following is an image of Vibrio cholerae.
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