Every student will have to conduct research and write a paper at some point in their academic career. As part of this process, you must properly cite your sources, so interested parties may find them and learn more about your findings.
The steps for referencing a research paper correctly are outlined in this post. Examples of citing various sources will be provided, including websites, books, academic journals, and more. Everything you need to know about citing a research paper in an essay or a research paper is right here!
Various referencing and citation styles use various formats. The purpose is to make properly citing sources more accessible, so you can get back to doing your work. Keep reading if you’re interested in finding out more about this.
What is a citation style?
To assist students in properly formatting their papers, many citation styles have been developed. It’s crucial when drawing on the findings and information gathered by other scholars.
Official handbooks and booklets are typically where you’ll find the citation formats. They provide ample relevant examples, guidelines, and explanations to further aid comprehension.
The different citation formats use the same data fields for added information. The author’s last name, the title of referenced work, publication date, page numbers, website address, and location of the original publication are all included. Although these elements are shared across citation formats, the order in which they appear varies widely.
You must format your work following these specific guidelines when using any style.
Different referencing styles for citations
It is essential to appropriately credit the additional information and sources used to prevent academic theft and intellectual dishonesty. The addition and presentation of the ideas and quotes of other scholars and researchers without proper attribution is a criminal offense. Legal repercussions would also be imposed on the person.
Tips for citing a research paper
- Avoiding accusations of plagiarism by properly attributing the work of others is crucial so that you don’t take credit for someone else’s hard work.
- To respect the rights of owners of intellectual property – while investigating, you might come across some details that are considered intellectual property. Among these are inventions that have been patented, logos that have been trademarked, products that have been designed, works of art, and building plans. If you use it without giving proper credit, someone may file a formal complaint against your work.
- To elaborate and demonstrate your investigation – include supporting evidence such as studies, research, and additional details to strengthen your argument.
- Facilitates independent verification of claimed results by readers – references and citations within the text allow for thorough fact-checking. Your integrity and professionalism are on display here.
How to cite a research paper
As was previously mentioned, the addition and presentation of details vary between referring styles. Some of the more common types of citations and how to use them properly are outlined below.
How to cite a research paper in APA format?
Regarding referencing sources, the american psychological association (APA) format is by far the most straightforward and popular option. Students and scholars in the humanities, social sciences, and psychology use it to organize their written work.
All papers must be typed double-spaced using times new roman font with 1-inch margins on all sides. You’re free to use any other legible font style, though.
Please include a page header at the top of each page. At the very top of each page, you should type the name of your essay, followed by a brief description of the content.
Example of how to cite a research paper in APA format?
Author, a.a., books (year of publication). The name of the completed work. Where: (city, state): publisher.
Take Williams, j. (1970). Every single time, without fail. Publisher, city, state: Simon & Schuster, new york
Articles by author, a.a., in magazines (year, month of publication). Title of the piece. Publication
When there is more than one author, it is unnecessary to include all of them in the list or the in-text citation. Find out how to properly cite sources and format your paper by reading a comprehensive guide to APA style.
How to cite a research paper in MLA format?
The modern language association (MLA) format is another frequent choice. You’ll hear it a lot when discussing topics and fields associated with the humanities and the liberal arts. With the help of this citation, authors and researchers can improve the quality of their essays and other academic papers by including more specific and refined information.
The general rules are that there is no need for a title page because all the information is included on the first page of the essay or research paper. All four margins are 1 inch, and the text is double-spaced. You should use times new roman and set your font size to 12 points.
The following information needs to be included in the heading added to the top left corner of the first page;
- Name completed:
- What is your professor’s full name?
- Topic name date of submission
- Your name and the page number will appear in the header at the top right of each page.
This page provides examples of citations in the modern language association (MLA) format for various sources.
Mla citation examples
- Books are ordered by surname and then the first name. To call a book by its proper title. Printing house, firm name, medium, year of publication.
- John smith’s sample book is an illustration. The bibme team. Pittsburgh: bibme, 2008. Print.
- Name and surname for magazines. Title of the article. Name of magazine, issue date, and page range. Medium.
- Use the name john smith as an illustration. Obama was sworn in as president. January 21st, 2009 issue of
- Example: smith, john. “steelers win super bowl xliii.” Published in Pittsburgh post-gazette (print edition) on February 2nd, 2009, on pages 4-6.
- For websites: given name, surname, etc. This page’s title. Brand name of the web page. The publishing house or sponsoring institution. Date published: page range; the size of the publication.
Learning the ins and outs of MLA in-text citations was made more accessible with the help of a detailed guide. The style’s references are called “works cited” and are cited in the text’s parentheticals.
How to cite a research paper in Chicago style?
The humanities are the primary users of Chicago-style formatting. This citation style is distinct from the modern language association (MLA) and the american psychological association (APA) formats. In addition to citing sources, the student must include explanatory notes within quotation marks in the endnotes and footnotes. The format encourages students to incorporate reputable sources into their work.
The paper should be double-spaced, have 1″ margins on all sides, and be typed in times new roman. Table headings, block quotes, figure captions, and due dates will not be double-spaced.
A running head of page numbers, starting with 1, will be added to the first page. All sections of the paper, including the bibliography and reference list, will have the same page numbers.
Follow these guidelines to reference your sources in a Chicago-style paper properly.
Books are ordered by surname and then the first name. Novel’s full title. Citation: city: name of publisher, year published.
- Take dan brown’s da Vinci code as an illustration. 2004. New york scholastic.
- As seen in magazines: given name, surname, etc. This is the title of the article—publication month and year of the named magazine.
- The art of pandas by dan chan is one example—an article from panda magazine dated November 10th, 1985.
- If you’re writing to a newspaper, use the last name and first initial format. “title of article.” journal title, and date of publication.
Reading a comprehensive guide will teach you all the peculiarities of Chicago-style formatting.
How to cite a research paper in ASA format?
The sociological association is responsible for the formatting guidelines. This citation style is commonly used by sociology students, researchers, and scholars when composing academic papers.
Referring to the field of sociology, this writing style is also adopted for submissions of scholarly research articles to the scholarly journals published by the american sociological association (asa).
General requirements: the abstract page comes before the title page, and the title is repeated as a heading on both the abstract and title pages. The abstract must be concise (no more than 200 words) and to the point.
Times new roman, 12 points in size, with 14-inch margins on all sides, is the recommended typeface and point size.
Including page numbers in the upper right-hand corner of each page is essential. Research papers written in asa format also require the author to include three to five keywords in the introduction.
See below for your following research paper’s breakdown of the ASA citation style.
- To the librarian, regarding books, both the author’s surname and first name are required. Date of the first printing. Title. Publisher’s native country
- Example: feelings, bo. 2008. “chasing tree frogs.” Sixth through tenth grades, national geographic issue 182
- Name of author (last & first initial) of the magazine article. Publication year, “title.” month year, pages (included).
- In 2012, Rachel Geary wrote an article titled “the problem with mastery learning.” on pages 15–23, April 2002, new york times.
- Web pages should have the author’s surname, and the first name required. Publication date. Author/place of publication. Date accessed: link>, month day, year.
- As an illustration, consider the case of bruce lee. 03.09.2004. This is the beginning of a new nation. This information was retrieved on January 18th, 2017.
If you’re curious about the ASA citation style, this comprehensive guide will fill you in on all the details you need to know.
How to cite a research paper in IEEE format?
The acronym IEEE refers to the electrical and electronics engineers professional organization (IEEE). Electronics, engineering, computer science, and telecommunication are just some of the many technical fields that regularly employ this style, which a specialist group oversees.
This style adds in-text citations in numbered brackets that lead to full-length references.
In general, the page should be laid out as follows:
- Top – 19mm (0.75″)
- To begin, the depth is 43mm at the bottom (1.69″)
- Both sides measure 14.32mm on the left and right (0.56″)
- Times new roman, at 10 points, should be used for the body copy. Paragraphs should be indented at the beginning of the first line, and single spacing is required.
The IEEE citation style is described in this reference manual for citing various sources.
- Books by j. K. Author, “chapter title,” in his book title (sixth edition). Publisher’s city, state (only if in the united states), country, publisher’s abbreviation, year, chapter x, section x, pages xxx.
- As an illustration, consider [1] w. K. Chen’s linear networks and systems. Wadsworthpress, 2003, Belmont, ca.
- Papers presented at conferences should be cited as follows: j. K. Author, “title of the paper,” conference name, conference city, conference state, conference country, conference month, conference day(s), conference paper number.
- For instance, see “analytical placement technique for sparse arrays” by d. Caratelli, m. C. Viganó, g. Toso, and p. Angeletti, which was presented at the 32nd esa antenna workshop in noordwijk, the
- It will help if you read the full IEEE citation and format guide to get a feel for the IEEE style.
How to cite a research paper in Harvard style?
Harvard style is one of the most widely used formats for scholarly writing. The margins and font used in a Harvard-style format must adhere to strict guidelines. Also included are guidelines for properly citing sources, both in-text and in the bibliography.
Instructions for formatting a paper in Harvard style
Rules of Thumb
- All sides should be at least an inch.
- 12-point Times New Roman or Arial is suggested.
- Space out each line twice as much.
- All of the text has been left justified.
- Each paragraph has a half-inch space before the first line.
- The title should go in the middle of the first page, before the text.
- Page and section breaks (see below).
- A title page, an outline (a blueprint for your paper), and a list of references may all be included in the paper (see below).
Wrapping up
An investigation paper is more than just a research and writing assignment. They also involve several other things, such as correct formatting and citations. However, many students may find this challenging.
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