Nursing, like any other profession, is guided by theories developed by forefathers. These theories are helpful in the field of duty. Nursing theories define nursing, explain what nurses do, and provide patient care goals and outcomes.
The middle-range nursing theory, like grand theories and others, offers a variety of advantages to nurses in various departments or specializations. Nursing students, clinical researchers, and registered nurses frequently consult nursing theories for guidance and case studies. The middle-range theory allows scholars to criticize and analyze some concepts from the grand theory.
Being acquitted with nursing theories is extremely valuable to the nursing community because it contains indisputable information about the best nursing practices. This article will discuss the middle-range nursing theory and how it is applied.
What is a middle-range nursing theory?
The nursing theory that focuses on more specific subjects is middle-range nursing theory. This theory is not as grand as other nursing theories. Due to the additional contribution to previously recorded research, most people who develop this theory refer to it as the greatest nursing theory. Scholars frequently add new experiences encountered.
Nursing students use a middle-range nursing theory because it provides an angle view of the world to the main concepts. The theory also provides more specific generalized ideas, which aid nurses in their daily duties.
Difference between grand theory and middle range theory in nursing
Grand nursing theories are frequently regarded as highly detailed and extremely complex. The theories under grand may necessitate extensive research to achieve the in-depth results desired on a specific concept. A grand nursing theory is the transcultural nursing theory.
Due to the utter and total nature of the concept, middle-range nursing theories typically require less theoretical work than grand nursing theories. Middle-range nursing theories tend to expound on grand nursing theories more clearly. Middle-level nursing theories are more comprehensive and systematic. They are much more descriptive than grand theories, which partly explain concepts.
Characteristics of middle-range theory nursing
Middle-range theory for nursing has several characteristics. Here are some examples:
- Middle-range theory in nursing practice is more precise and limited in scope than grand theories.
- They comprise several concepts and hypotheses written in proportionately specific standards.
- Its content depends on another concept, and it cannot stand alone.
- Middle-range theories are viewed as hypotheses and works in progress.
- Middle-range theories are thought to be conclusive and systematic in their design.
- The theory is thought to be unified in nature.
Different middle-range theories for nursing
Due to the additional research on the concepts, the middle-range theory is instrumental in nursing practice. Scholars who add to the already-founded grand theories through extensive research have benefited the nursing profession.
Nurses face adversity regularly in one’s line of work. A mid-range theory, such as self-efficacy theory, is helpful in nursing practice. This theory serves as a reminder to nurses about the importance of self-care, self-monitoring, and self-management. This theory promotes patient self-care, psychological health, and other perennially ill patients. Some of the middle-range nursing theories developed by scholars are listed below.
1. Theory of modeling and role modeling in nursing practice
Modelling and role-modeling theory is another middle-range theory in nursing practice. This theory is predicated on the idea that everyone is meant to want to live a comfortable, happy, and meaningful life. This is the case. When we consider plans that focus on our client’s strengths, we help them become more alive, allowing them to live their lives fully and enjoyably.
2. Group power theory in organizations
Christina Sieloff researched the theory of group power within an organization, which is an excellent illustration of middle-range theories used in nursing. This theory emphasizes togetherness and teamwork among nursing personnel. Working together produces excellent results, and they tend to act as a support system for one another.
This theory promotes the organization’s greatness in delivering services to nurses by improving competency and teamwork. This theory is another term for workplace harmony.
3. Empathy theory
The ability to understand, comprehend, and share the feelings of another is defined by the dictionary as empathy. Like this middle-range theory of empathy, nurses are expected to show patients understanding and affection. This theory is founded on the fact that humans experience emotions. It also implies that compassion includes perceptions, ego, and enlightenment, is a self-esteem booster, promotes understanding, and is a source of learning because it opens systems for sharing.
Empathy also promotes a therapeutic relationship and mutual understanding between the patient and the healthcare provider. This provides a sense of belonging to the patient. I would do the same if I were in your situation: I understand completely how you feel; You should be beginning to feel so bad; I can feel the pain in how you explain it; I know how it feels; such kind words do not only make the patient feel better but also form a bond between the patient and the nurse.
4. Interpersonal relationship theory
The nursing theory of interpersonal relationships is a descriptive middle-range theory. This theory emphasizes the interrelationship between an individual and her surroundings. This theory has four major components that are relevant to nurses daily.
Environmental needs are the forces outside a person’s being but still play an essential role in his life. Nurses must use their interpersonal skills to manage the patient’s state of emotion. The skills such as nursing leadership would come in handy as the patient would want to hear a rather affirmative voice.
Listening is another highly recommended skill; patients in their sorry state require a listening ear, somebody to listen to them; this gives them hope. Negotiation and a positive attitude are two of the interpersonal skills that nurses must have.
5. Chronic suffering theory
The dictionary defines chronic sorrow or pain as the recurring permanent, prevalent sadness or other feelings caused by a significant loss. The theory of chronic sorrow helps examine how patients cope with the pain associated with chronic illnesses. Nurses are screened as caregivers. According to chronic sorrow theory, nurses should view it as a regular occurrence and not succumb to the stress that comes with it but the emotional meltdown that comes with it.
Nurses are encouraged to devise coping strategies for those affected and to provide support. Nurses can be a source of comfort in this way. Nurses are to be a source of inspiration to believers who have lost a loved one. Nurses are expected to offer assistance and explain that this is common in chronic illnesses accompanied by excruciating pain. The nurses explain to the patients that the type of pain they are beginning to experience is typical and that they should not be concerned.
Middle-range theory nursing examples
· Middle-range descriptive theories are the most common
Each descriptive theory in this type describes an event encircled by a single concept. When a middle-range descriptive theory explains an idea, it automatically includes several relatable common findings. They are classified based on specific parameters.
· Explanatory theories are in the middle
These explanatory theories are built on two or more theories that provide the foundation for the relationship. This explanation theory goes into greater detail about the relationship between the two concepts. These theories are deduced from academic studies using quantitative design, and they have been tested and proven beyond a doubt. Watson’s theory of humans is an excellent example of a middle-range explanation theory.
· Theories of the long-term prediction
Predictive theories differ slightly from middle-range explanatory theories. The main difference is that predictive theory makes the concept easier to predict and more precise than explanatory theory. This concept illuminates the relationship between two or more concepts. Orlando’s theory of the deliberative nursing process is a good example.
Middle-range nursing theory is essential for nursing students because it provides a middle reality view and generalized practice areas for nurses. It also gives nurses concrete ideas that are limited but extremely useful. Examples of the middle-range nursing theory include:
- Maternal role attainment theory
- The systemic organizational framework
- The synergy model
- Maternal role attainment theory
- Nurse as injured Healer
- Theory of comfort and many others
- The idea of unfavorable symptoms
- The self-efficacy theory
- Empathy theory
- Pain theory
In conclusion
The grand theories are the foundation for developing middle-range nursing theories. Contrasting grand theories and middle-range theories Nursing grand theory tend to cover a discipline in a broader context than a middle range that focuses more on expounding on a concept. From time to time, nurses and scholars have influenced the great concept. As the centuries passed, both scholars and nurses improved the middle-range theories.
Related Article: Verbal and nonverbal communication in nursing
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