Acute Abdominal Pain
Acute Abdominal Pain Essay Help
Needs to be Word doc. Length no greater than 4 pages (excluding Title and Reference pg) Has to have headings: Introduction, Summary of Article, Evaluation of Article, and Conclusion. What was done well & what could be improved? Why did it interest you? Was the assessment strategy beneficial? Should more research be written in this area? What population does this article apply to?
ANSWER Acute Abdominal Pain Today, nurses are the first healthcare professionals to attend to patients with abdominal pain, whether in outpatient clinics, surgical wards, or walk-in centers. This is because conventional professional operational boundaries are no longer preset in the modern health care climate. Most nurses at all levels assess and treat patients before a medical consultation is conducted. Therefore, it is very significant and desirable that registered nurses maintain traditional assessment and in addition have the ability to initiate tests, ask the correct questions and execute proper treatment to make sure patient experience is efficient. The following paper focuses on analyzing and evaluating the article on acute abdominal pain. The article reviews various causes of abdominal pain, from plain to compound presentations. The article further highlights numerous psychological and physiological needs patients with abdominal pain require.
The article focuses on the role nurses play in patient assessment, management, and history taking. The article provides the reader with a description the physiology and anatomy of organs related with abdominal pain, the major causes of abdominal pain with various diagnoses, patient consultation questions, provide proper assessment and nursing care to patients, and understand the rule of symptom management. Abdominal pain or disorder may involve one or many organs in the abdominal opening.
The cavity comprises of spleen, liver, stomach, gall bladder, kidneys, large and small intestine (Cole & Lynch, 2005). Nurses should be able to understand the abdominal anatomy of its organs when assessing their patients. When conducting a clinical assessment, the abdomen is sub-divided in four quadrants, the upper left and right quadrants, and lower right and left quadrants. Identification of the abdominal pain becomes easier as patients can localize the position of their pain with the quadrants. The right upper quadrant comprises of gall bladder, duodenum, right lobe of the liver, and the head of the pancreas.
The left upper quadrant comprises of the stomach, left lobe of the liver, and spleen. The right lower quadrant comprises of caecum, appendix, and sections of the colon. About 50 percent general surgical admissions are acute surgical urgent situations r emergencies (Cole & Lynch, 2005). Approximately, 25 percent of the surgical emergencies account for abdominal surgeries. This article gives a summary of the causes of abdominal pain and does not exhaust all the causes. Appendicitis is the most general surgical emergency, which is the swelling of the appendix, which begins with pain around the umbilicus. It is accompanied with several symptoms that may include vomiting, loss of appetite, occasional diarrhea, and constipation (Cole & Lynch, 2005). Biliary colic refers to a symptom caused by common bile canal hindrance caused by gallstones.
Most victims are female and fat. Pain is concentrated in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen and the epigastria stretching to the back. Pain is sudden and severe with interval phases as it occurs and vomiting is common a symptom (Cole & Lynch, 2005). Bowel obstruction refers to a situation where the small and large intestines are blocked. Patients express symptoms of abdominal pain, vomiting, and a distended abdomen. The cause of obstruction is the impacted volvulus, tumors, and faeces. Cholecystitis refers to the acute swelling of the gall bladder, which is caused by primarily cholesterol and stones comprised of mixed chemical composition (Cole & Lynch, 2005). Pain is concentrated in the upper right upper quadrant of the abdomen. Symptoms associated with Cholecystitis are nausea, fever, vomiting, and anorexia. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage is a common cause of acute surgical medical appointment and is mostly associated with vomiting of blood (haematemesis) (Cole & Lynch, 2005).
Patients may experience shock, collapse, and hypotension. Vomiting is a common symptom with the gastric ulcers. In the event of alcohol or non-steroidal drugs consumption, bleeding may occur. Symptoms associated with the disease are dehydration, nausea, pyrexia, and vomiting (Cole & Lynch, 2005). Gynecological emergencies are defined as gynecological disorders accompanied by acute abdominal pain. The diagnosis of this situation explains traditional endometriosis, ovarian cysts and pregnancy abortions. The pelvic swelling disease is the universal term describing the swelling of the pelvic organs caused by gonococcal or Chlamydia infection (Cole & Lynch, 2005). The infection multiplies from the cervix to fallopian tubes, uterus, ovaries, and adjacent pelvic organs. Most cases are sexually transmitted and involve sexually dynamic women aged between 15 to 25 years. Symptoms associated are vaginal discharge, abdominal pain, vomiting, and nausea. Hepatitis is also a possible cause of abdominal pain (Cole & Lynch, 2005). It affects the liver, where patients experience abdominal pain concentrated in the right upper quadrant. Hepatitis is an infectious disease and is mostly transmitted in urine, blood, and food.
Symptoms associated with hepatitis are pale stool, urticaria, jaundice, and loss of appetite. Leaking abdominal aortic aneurysm is also a possible cause of abdominal pain, where the elastin wall degenerates (Cole & Lynch, 2005). The condition is characterized by sudden severe abdominal pain and additional back pain that occurs over a long period. Pancreatitis could be another cause of acute abdominal pain, where the pancreas swells. Alcoholism and gallstones account for over half of pancreatitis cases globally (Cole & Lynch, 2005). Associated symptoms include nausea, vomiting, headache, paleness, and loss of appetite. Peritonitis is the swelling of the peritoneum. Keen patient assessment and history taking are significant and necessary for proper patient treatment. The deepness of the patient assessment will depend on the nurses level of professionalism or experience in the health care profession (Cole & Lynch, 2005). However, regardless of their level or experience there are particular assessment questions that the patient should be asked to ensuring they have the best experience and treatment (Cole & Lynch, 2005). Some of the questions that should be asked are about associated symptoms, pain, medical history, family and social history. On diagnosing patients with abdominal pain, their psychological and physical need ought to be met, in spite of associate symptoms or situations. However, while providing the required needs there is need to maintain dignity, privacy, and consider fluid balance (Cole & Lynch, 2005). Patients mostly are worried about their condition and the possible outcomes: whether they will recover or not so psychological support is highly needed. The nurse should also monitor the patients basic signs like temperature, blood pressure, heart beat rate, and respiratory rate.
Electrocardiogram should also be applied as a nursing care for adult patients in monitoring the possible occurrence of a cardiac attack. In addition, blood tests and fluid balance should be monitored (Cole & Lynch, 2005). The article has been very beneficial since it increases ones knowledge on hoe nurses should assess, diagnose, and treat patients with abdominal pain. The article is not conclusive and exhaustive since further research could be conducted ensuring the article is conclusive and exhaustive.
The article is a summary or overview of abdominal pain (Cole & Lynch, 2005). In conclusion, abdominal pain is associated with many simple to the life threatening causes. The convolution of abdominal pain means that victims require many psychological and psychological needs. Modern registered nurses of all health care professional levels have a significant role of patient examination, assessment, management, and treatment. With the appropriate assessment, history taking, and management, patient care and treatment is expedited. References Cole, E. & Lynch, A. (2005). Assessment of the patient with acute abdominal pain. Nursing Standard, 20, 67-75. Submitting high quality Essays,Research Papers, Term Papers, is the only way students can score high grades( As). Students ought to hire professional Writing Service providers who can deliver high quality work within the allocated time.
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